Doing Formulating in and as Practical Actions

A Study of Kaykhosrow\'s Moral and Practical Actions in the War with the Turanians

Background: Kaykhosrow is one of the prominent kings in Shahnameh who, after coming to power, has taken favorable measures for the growth and excellence of Iranian society. One of his challenges in governing the country was the border conflicts by the Turanians, which caused many problems. However, in dealing with the main enemies of the Iranians, Kaykhosrow has not always been alienated from m...

COVID-19: Iran’s Actions to Deal with and Control the Pandemic and Practical Suggestions

Thinking by Doing and Doing by Thinking: A Taxonomy of Actions

Taking a lead from existing typologies of actions in the philosophical and cognitive science literatures, we present a novel taxonomy of actions. To promote a notion of epistemic agency we distinguish theoretical (mental state-directed) from practical (world-directed) actions. Our basic structural unit is that of a teleological frame, which spans one specific goal of an agent. Relative to a giv...

Thinking by Doing? Epistemic Actions in the Tower of Hanoi

This article explores the concept of epistemic actions in the Tower of Hanoi (ToH) problem. Epistemic actions (Kirsh & Maglio, 1994) are actions that do not traverse the problem space toward the goal but facilitate subsequent problem solving by changing the actor’s cognitive state. We report an experiment in which people repeatedly solve ToH tasks. An instructional manipulation asked participan...

Formulating View Update Translation as Constraint Satisfaction

View update is the problem of translating update requests against a view into update requests against the base data. Previous approaches to view update translation have been mainly focused on studying the conditions under which an exact, unique translation of a view update request exists. The conditions are satissed only by a small class of view updates. The approaches to enumerating possible t...